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Gene expression plays a fundamental role in biotechnology as it determines how genetic information is utilized within organisms. This process involves the conversion of DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA) and subsequently into proteins, which are essential for the function and regulation of cells. Understanding gene expression allows biotechnologists to manipulate genetic material, leading to the production of desired traits, products, and behaviors in an organism.

This knowledge is vital for applications such as developing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), producing pharmaceuticals, and engineering organisms for various biotechnological applications, including agriculture and industrial processes. By managing gene expression, scientists can enhance traits like disease resistance in crops or increase yield in fermentation processes. Thus, the influence of gene expression is profound and integral in directing the developments and innovations in biotechnology.